ennemis

Ennemis is the French plural form of ennemi, a term used to describe a person or group that actively opposes, harms, or threatens someone’s interests, safety, or values. An ennemi can be an individual, a rival, a political opponent, or a state in a conflict. The word often implies ongoing hostility rather than a single quarrel, though its intensity and scope can vary from personal rivalry to formal military confrontation. In everyday use, ennemi and ennemis appear in both neutral descriptions and more charged rhetoric.

Etymology: Ennemi originates from Latin inimicus, meaning “an enemy,” via Old French enemi or inimy. The modern spelling ennemi arose through changes in French orthography, and the plural form is ennemis by adding -s.

Usage: The singular ennemi and plural ennemis are common in literature, journalism, and political discourse. The phrase ennemi juré, meaning “sworn enemy,” is frequently used to describe a rival with a long-standing and personal opposition. In military or strategic contexts, ennemis may refer to opposing forces or nations, while more neutral terms like adversaire or opposant can be preferred in less formal situations.

In culture, the concept of enemies often functions as an archetype that drives conflict and plot, distinguishing antagonists from protagonists and shaping themes of loyalty, betrayal, and alliance. The word also appears in idioms and expressions across French-speaking communities, reflecting varying degrees of hostility and rivalry.

See also: Adversary, Opponent, Rival, Enemy (general), Sworn enemy.