energieetikettering

Energieetikettering is the systematic use of standardized labels that convey the energy performance of energy-related products and, in some cases, buildings. The aim of labeling is to help consumers compare expected energy use, influence purchasing decisions, and promote efficiency improvements across industry and public procurement. Labels commonly accompany household appliances, lighting and heating equipment, and, in many countries, new buildings.

The content of the label typically includes the energy efficiency class, rated on a scale (for example from A to G, with A representing the most efficient) and an estimate of annual energy consumption or energy cost. Some categories have used extended scales (such as A+, A++, A+++) in earlier schemes, but these transitions have been phased to maintain a uniform label. In addition to the class, the label may present key technical parameters and usage assumptions. In buildings, energy performance certificates provide a building's energy efficiency rating and an estimated annual energy consumption for heating, cooling, ventilation and hot water.

Regulatory frameworks vary by jurisdiction but are often harmonized in the European Union to ensure comparability across markets. Producers and retailers must display the label and supply the necessary documentation, while authorities enforce compliance.

The labels are part of broader energy efficiency policies aimed at reducing energy demand, lowering costs for consumers, and supporting climate goals. Critics note that labels must reflect real-world performance and be updated as products improve.