energiataso
Energiataso, meaning energy level in Finnish, is a discrete allowed value of energy that a system can possess in quantum mechanics. For atoms and molecules, this concept describes the quantized energies of electrons or other charged particles. Energy levels arise from the solutions to the Schrödinger equation for a given potential; in atoms, they are often labeled by principal quantum number n and, in multi-electron atoms, by angular momentum and other quantum numbers. The levels are not continuous; between them lie energy gaps. The ground state corresponds to the lowest energy level, with excited states at higher energies.
In atoms, electron energy levels lead to characteristic spectra: photons with energies equal to differences between
In solids, the concept extends to energy bands. Individual atomic levels broaden into bands due to interactions
In nanoscale systems such as quantum dots, energy levels become discrete due to spatial confinement, resembling