endometriózist

Endometriózis is a medical condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium, grows outside the uterus. This tissue can be found on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, the outer surface of the uterus, and in other pelvic organs. In some rare cases, it can appear in distant locations like the lungs or brain.

The exact cause of endometriosis is not fully understood, but several theories exist, including retrograde menstruation, where menstrual blood flows back into the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tubes. Other theories suggest a role for immune system dysfunction or hormonal influences.

Symptoms of endometriosis can vary widely and may include painful menstrual periods, pain during or after intercourse, chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and bowel or bladder problems. Some individuals may experience no symptoms at all. The severity of pain does not always correlate with the extent of the disease.

Diagnosis typically involves a pelvic examination, imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI, and often requires a laparoscopic surgery for definitive confirmation and assessment of the extent of the condition.

Treatment options aim to manage symptoms and can include pain medication, hormone therapy to suppress menstrual cycles, and surgery to remove endometrial implants. For individuals experiencing infertility, assisted reproductive technologies may be considered. Endometriosis is a chronic condition that often requires ongoing management.