endokarditti

Endocarditis is a serious bacterial infection of the inner lining of the heart, known as the endocardium. It typically affects the heart valves and can also involve the lining of the heart chambers. The infection is usually caused by bacteria that enter the bloodstream, often through dental procedures, intravenous drug use, or untreated dental infections. The most common bacteria involved are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species.

Symptoms of endocarditis can vary but often include fever, fatigue, weight loss, and heart murmurs. In severe cases, it can lead to heart failure, stroke, or even death. Diagnosis is typically made through blood tests, echocardiograms, and sometimes cardiac catheterization.

Treatment for endocarditis usually involves a combination of antibiotics and, in some cases, surgical intervention to remove infected heart valves. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a successful outcome. Risk factors for endocarditis include heart valve abnormalities, intravenous drug use, and certain medical conditions such as HIV/AIDS.

Prevention strategies include maintaining good oral hygiene, avoiding sharing needles, and promptly treating dental infections. Individuals with certain heart conditions or risk factors may need to take preventive antibiotics before dental procedures. Endocarditis is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention from healthcare professionals.