endarterium

Endarterium is a term that refers to the innermost lining of a blood vessel. This layer is primarily composed of endothelium, which is a single layer of flattened cells. The endothelium plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular health. It acts as a barrier, regulating the passage of substances between the blood and the surrounding tissues. Furthermore, the endothelium is involved in various physiological processes, including blood clotting, inflammation, and the regulation of blood pressure.

The health of the endarterium is vital for preventing cardiovascular diseases. Damage to this layer can lead to the buildup of plaque, a process known as atherosclerosis. This plaque formation can narrow the arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, and diabetes can all contribute to endarterial damage. Medical interventions aimed at improving endarterial health often focus on lifestyle modifications and medications to manage these risk factors.