elektrokortikografiaa

Elektrokortikografia, often abbreviated as ECoG, is a type of electrophysiology and a form of intraoperative brain monitoring. It involves recording the electrical activity of the brain directly from the surface of the cerebral cortex. Unlike electroencephalography (EEG) which uses electrodes placed on the scalp, ECoG employs electrodes that are surgically placed on the exposed surface of the brain. This close proximity to the cortical neurons allows for higher spatial and temporal resolution in detecting electrical signals compared to EEG.

ECoG is typically performed during neurosurgical procedures, particularly for epilepsy surgery, to precisely identify the seizure focus. Surgeons implant electrodes on the brain surface in the area suspected of causing seizures. These electrodes continuously record brain activity, allowing neurologists to pinpoint the exact location where abnormal electrical discharges originate. This information is crucial for surgeons to determine the optimal site for resection of brain tissue while minimizing damage to essential functional areas.

Beyond epilepsy surgery, ECoG can also be used in research settings to study brain function in areas such as language, motor control, and memory. It provides valuable insights into the neural basis of cognitive processes. The data collected from ECoG can also inform the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), enabling individuals with severe motor impairments to control external devices using their brain signals. The procedure carries inherent risks associated with brain surgery, including infection, bleeding, and neurological deficits.