einschließt

Einschließt is a form related to the German verb einschließen, which carries several related meanings centered on surrounding, enclosing, or including. The core sense of einschließen is to enclose physically or to contain something within a boundary or set. It can also mean to include or incorporate elements in a broader whole, or, in a security or confinement sense, to lock someone or something in.

Einschließen can be used in different contexts:

- Physical enclosure: a fence or wall can einschließen a courtyard, meaning it surrounds or encloses it.

- Inclusion or inclusion criteria: a program or list can einschließen new features or items, meaning it includes them.

- Confinement or imprisonment: one can einschließen someone in a room, i.e., lock them in.

- In mathematics or logic, einschließen may be used in the sense of containing or enclosing a subset within a larger set.

Morphology and grammar:

- The base form is einschließen, a separable-prefix verb. In main clauses it is typical to separate the prefix: er schließt ein, er schließt den Garten ein.

- The past participle is eingeschlossen, used with auxiliary haben to form perfect tenses: Der Garten ist eingeschlossen; Die Mauern haben den Hof eingeschlossen.

- The noun form Einschluss exists, meaning inclusion or enclosure, and in geometry or set theory can denote the act or state of including elements.

- Related adjectives include einschließend (including, enclosing).

Notes on usage:

- The sense of enclosure is concrete and physical in everyday contexts, while the sense of inclusion is often metaphorical, as when a plan includes additional components.

- Antonyms can include ausschließen (to exclude, to shut out) or freilassen (to release, to let out) depending on context.

See also:

- Einschluss, the noun for enclosure or inclusion.

- Schließen, the broader family of “to close” verbs from which einschließen derives.