défensives

Défensives refers to a strategy in finance and investing where investors prioritize capital preservation over aggressive growth. This approach is typically adopted during periods of economic uncertainty, market volatility, or when an investor's risk tolerance is low. The primary goal of défensives is to minimize potential losses and maintain purchasing power, even if it means foregoing higher returns.

Assets commonly considered défensives include high-quality bonds, particularly government bonds from stable economies, and dividend-paying stocks of established companies in non-cyclical industries such as utilities, consumer staples, and healthcare. These sectors tend to perform relatively better during economic downturns because demand for their products and services remains consistent regardless of the broader economic climate.

The rationale behind a défensive strategy is that it provides a buffer against market shocks. While défensive assets may not offer substantial gains during bull markets, their lower volatility can significantly reduce portfolio drawdowns during bear markets. This can be particularly important for investors nearing retirement or those with short-term financial goals who cannot afford to experience large capital losses.

Conversely, défensive strategies can lead to underperformance during periods of strong economic growth and market rallies, as investors seeking higher returns may flock to more aggressive, growth-oriented assets. The decision to adopt a défensive stance is therefore a balance between security and potential returns, heavily influenced by an individual's financial circumstances, time horizon, and psychological comfort with risk.