dunks

A dunk, or slam dunk, is a method of scoring in basketball in which a player jumps and forcefully directs the ball through the rim from above. Most dunks are performed with one or both hands and may occur during regular play, after an assist, or as part of an alley-oop. Dunks emphasize elevation, timing, and power and are among the most visually striking plays in the sport.

Scoring and basic rules: A successful dunk counts as two points. If the shooter is fouled while dunking and the basket goes in, most leagues award one additional free throw, creating an and-one play. If the shot misses, free throws are awarded as with any shooting foul. The ball must pass entirely through the rim from above; the same rules that govern other field goals apply, including violations such as goaltending and basket interference.

Techniques and variations: Dunks vary in style, including one-handed and two-handed attempts, and specialty finishes such as windmill, tomahawk, or reverse dunks. Alley-oop passes and two-person plays are common precursors. Creativity and hang time are often highlighted in dunk contests and highlight reels.

History and culture: The modern dunk gained prominence in the late 20th century. The NCAA banned dunking from 1967 to 1976, which drew attention to the skill as observers awaited its return. Julius Erving helped popularize high-flying dunks, and the NBA added the Slam Dunk Contest in All-Star Weekend during the 1980s, showcasing players such as Michael Jordan, Dominique Wilkins, Vince Carter, and many others. The dunk has become a defining element of basketball culture, widely featured in media, video games, and youth development.