dunewetlands

Dunewetlands are a unique type of coastal ecosystem found where sand dunes meet freshwater or brackish water sources. These areas are characterized by a combination of sandy, well-drained dune soils and saturated, water-logged wetland soils. The transition zone is crucial, as it supports a specialized array of plant and animal life adapted to both arid and aquatic conditions.

The hydrology of dunewetlands is typically influenced by groundwater discharge, rainfall, and occasional overwash from the sea during storms. This creates a dynamic environment with fluctuating water levels, which in turn shapes the vegetation. Common plant species include salt-tolerant grasses, sedges, rushes, and specialized dune vegetation. These plants help stabilize the dunes and prevent erosion, while also providing habitat and food for various wildlife.

Dunewetlands are important biodiversity hotspots. They often serve as critical breeding grounds and migratory stopovers for birds, including shorebirds and waterfowl. Various invertebrates, amphibians, and small mammals also inhabit these areas, benefiting from the diverse niches available. The ecological health of dunewetlands is sensitive to changes in water availability, salinity, and human disturbances such as development and altered drainage patterns. Conservation efforts often focus on protecting these fragile interfaces between terrestrial and aquatic environments.