drt

Demand-Responsive Transport (DRT) is a form of passenger transport organized to operate in response to requests rather than along fixed schedules or routes. DRT services are designed to supplement conventional fixed-route buses and trains, particularly in areas with low population density, limited public transport demand, or gaps in coverage.

Operations: Passengers book a ride by phone, app, website, or at a booking center. Vehicles are typically minibuses or vans and may provide door-to-door or curb-to-curb service within defined zones. Dispatching uses dynamic routing to combine trips when possible, with itineraries adjusted to minimize detours. Some services offer scheduled windows or on-demand booking during specific hours. Fares vary and may be integrated with conventional transit passes.

Governance and funding: DRT is usually provided by regional or national transit agencies, municipal authorities, or private operators under contract. It can be funded through public subsidies, user fares, or a combination. Services may have accessibility features for wheelchair users and those with mobility impairments.

Advantages and challenges: DRT can improve mobility for rural residents, people without access to cars, and those with irregular travel patterns. It can extend transit coverage and reduce the need for private car travel. Challenges include higher operating costs per passenger, demand forecasting, scheduling complexity, vehicle availability, and integration with other transit modes.

History and scope: DRT emerged in the mid-20th century as an alternative to fixed-route services and has since expanded in Europe, North America, and elsewhere, often evolving into microtransit models facilitated by smartphone apps.

Note: DRT can have other meanings in different fields, but this article focuses on Demand-Responsive Transport.