dokuma

Dokuma is the process of fabric production by interlacing two sets of yarns, typically warp and weft, on a loom to create woven fabric. In Turkish, dokuma refers to weaving, and dokuma kumaş denotes a woven fabric. The warp runs lengthwise on the loom, while the weft is interlaced crosswise by the loom’s heddles and shuttle or modern equivalents.

Common weave structures include plain weave, twill, and satin. Each structure yields distinct surface textures, drape, and strength. More complex patterns can be produced with jacquard or dobby looms, enabling woven motifs and fabrics with intricate designs. Modern looms include rapier, air-jet, and water-jet machines, enabling high-speed production for apparel, upholstery, and technical textiles.

Historically, weaving is one of humanity's oldest crafts. In regions that include modern Turkey, long-standing traditions of textile production and loom weaving have contributed to global textiles, from hand-woven kilims to Ottoman textiles and carpets. In industry, dokuma fabrics are classified by fiber content (cotton, wool, synthetic, blends), weight, and weave structure, affecting properties such as strength, rigidity, and elasticity. Finishing steps like dyeing and printing complete the production of fabric.

Today dokuma remains a central method in textile manufacturing, with applications across fashion, home furnishings, and technical textiles.