disabilitylanguage

Disability language is the set of terms, phrases, and stylistic choices used when talking about disability. It aims to reflect the humanity and rights of people with disabilities while avoiding stereotypes and stigma. Language guidelines are shaped by disability advocacy, medical perspectives, and cultural context.

Two common approaches are person-first language (for example, “a person with a disability”) and identity-first language (for example, “a disabled person”). Preferences vary among individuals and communities, and different organizations and countries may have their own guidelines.

Best practices emphasize person-centered, respectful phrasing, and avoiding demeaning or paternalistic language. Avoid terms that imply tragedy, weakness, or burden, and avoid outdated terms and slurs. Focus on ability, participation, and rights rather than limitation.

When referring to groups, “people with disabilities” is a widely used default, while some communities prefer “disabled people” to affirm identity. For specific conditions, terminology may differ (for example, some in autism or Deaf communities favor identity-first terms). When possible, ask for and follow individual preferences.

Disability language is not fixed; it evolves with shifts in rights, inclusion, and cultural understanding. Clear, accurate, and respectful language supports accessibility and reduces stigma in media, policy, education, and everyday communication.