paternalistic

Paternalistic is an adjective describing approaches or policies characterized by paternalism: the practice of treating others as if they were dependents and making decisions for them on the assumption that it is in their best interests, often restricting their autonomy. The term is derived from pater, Latin for father.

In public policy and governance, paternalism describes actions by governments or organizations intended to protect individuals from harm or to promote welfare, even when those individuals disagree or would prefer to manage their own affairs.

Soft or libertarian paternalism aims to steer choices while preserving freedom of choice; hard paternalism justifies coercive measures even when individuals could decide for themselves.

In medicine and nursing, paternalism refers to clinicians making decisions for patients, sometimes overriding preferences to benefit perceived patient welfare, a stance increasingly challenged by emphasis on informed consent and shared decision-making.

Critics argue paternalism can undermine autonomy, reinforce power imbalances, and mask social control as benevolence. Proponents claim it can prevent harm and improve outcomes. The legitimacy of paternalism is often debated, with contemporary discussions emphasizing consent, transparency, and accountability.