diamagnetilised

Diamagnetised is a term used to describe a material that exhibits diamagnetism. Diamagnetism is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by materials that have no unpaired electrons and whose atoms possess a net magnetic moment of zero. When a diamagnetic material is placed in an external magnetic field, it generates a magnetic field in opposition to the applied field. This opposition causes a repulsive force between the material and the source of the magnetic field.

The phenomenon of diamagnetism is a consequence of Lenz's Law. When a magnetic field is applied to a material, the orbital motion of electrons within the atoms changes. This change induces a small magnetic dipole moment within each atom, which opposes the external field. The strength of this induced field is very weak and is independent of temperature. All materials exhibit diamagnetism to some extent, but it is often masked by stronger magnetic effects such as paramagnetism or ferromagnetism.

Materials that are strongly diamagnetic, such as bismuth and graphite, can be levitated in a sufficiently strong magnetic field. This is because the repulsive force generated by the diamagnetic effect can counteract the force of gravity. Diamagnetic effects are also utilized in various scientific and technological applications, including magnetic levitation systems, magnetic shielding, and highly sensitive magnetic field detectors. The study of diamagnetism provides insights into the electronic structure and magnetic properties of matter.