desolder

Desolder refers to the process of removing solder from an electrical connection, typically on a printed circuit board (PCB). This is a common task in electronics repair, component replacement, and rework. The primary goal of desoldering is to detach a component or wire without damaging the surrounding components or the PCB itself.

Several tools and techniques are used for desoldering. The most common tools include a soldering iron, desoldering braid (also known as desoldering wick), and desoldering pumps (also known as solder suckers). A soldering iron is used to reheat the existing solder, making it molten and allowing it to be removed. Desoldering braid, a braided copper wire mesh, is placed over the heated joint and wicks up the molten solder through capillary action. A desoldering pump uses a spring-loaded plunger to create a vacuum, sucking up molten solder when triggered.

More advanced techniques involve specialized desoldering stations that combine hot air blowers with vacuum suction. These are often used for removing surface-mount components (SMDs). Proper desoldering requires careful control of heat to avoid overheating and damaging delicate components or traces on the PCB. It is also important to ensure all residual solder is removed to prevent short circuits when new components are installed or connections are remade.