delocalizzati

Delocalizzati is an Italian term used to describe workers whose jobs have been relocated away from their home region or country due to corporate strategies such as delocalization, outsourcing, or offshoring. The word derives from delocalizzazione, the process of moving production or services to lower-cost locations. Delocalization can affect entire plants, divisions, or functions, and may involve foreign destinations or domestic regions with competitive costs or incentives.

Causes and scope include global competition, productivity pressures, automation, tax regimes, and regional policy incentives. The phenomenon is common in manufacturing sectors such as textiles, electronics, footwear, and automotive supply chains, but can also affect services and logistics. In some cases, companies pursue delocalization within the same country (delocalizzazione interna) to regions with lower costs or more favorable policies.

Impacts on workers and communities can be substantial. Job losses or relocations create unemployment and skill mismatches, with broader social and regional consequences such as decreased consumer spending and reduced local tax bases. Reemployability often depends on retraining, mobility, and the availability of new job opportunities in receiving regions.

Policy responses and debate focus on mitigating adverse effects while preserving economic efficiency. Policies may include active labor market programs, retraining funds, wage subsidies, and industrial policies designed to attract or retain investment. The debate frequently centers on balancing competitiveness and productivity with regional cohesion and protections for workers facing displacement, as well as concerns about long-term employment stability in a globalized economy.