deformacija

Deformacija refers to the change in the shape or size of an object that occurs when a force is applied to it. This force can be internal, such as the stress within a material, or external, like a push or pull. The resulting change in form is the deformation.

There are generally two types of deformation: elastic and plastic. Elastic deformation is temporary, meaning the object returns to its original shape and size once the applied force is removed. This occurs when the stress within the material does not exceed its elastic limit. Plastic deformation, on the other hand, is permanent. When the force is removed, the object does not fully recover its original shape. This happens when the stress exceeds the material's elastic limit, causing irreversible changes in its internal structure.

Deformation is a fundamental concept in various fields, including physics, engineering, and materials science. In engineering, understanding deformation is crucial for designing structures, machines, and components that can withstand expected loads without failing. Different materials exhibit varying degrees of deformation under stress due to their unique mechanical properties. For instance, metals can undergo significant plastic deformation before fracture, while brittle materials like glass tend to fracture with little to no plastic deformation. The study of deformation helps in predicting material behavior and ensuring the safety and functionality of engineered products.