decretilegge

A decree-law, or decreto-legge, is a provisional executive measure in Italy that has the force of law but must be submitted to Parliament for conversion into law within a limited time. It is issued by the Government on the basis of necessity and urgency and must be promulgated by the President of the Republic.

Legal basis and purpose: The mechanism is established by Article 77 of the Italian Constitution. Decrees-law are designed to address urgent matters that cannot wait for the ordinary legislative process. They provide immediate effects, with the intent that Parliament will subsequently approve a law that confirms, modifies, or repeals the decree’s provisions through a legge di conversione.

Process and effect: After issuance, a decree-law takes effect immediately. Parliament has a maximum of 60 days to convert it into law. During this period Parliament can approve the decree as is or with modifications. If Parliament fails to convert the decree within the time limit, it loses effect as of the end of that period, although provisions already implemented may remain in force only to the extent that they are covered by subsequent legal acts or constitutional rulings. The legge di conversione may alter, confirm, or repeal parts of the decree-law.

Constitutional control and limits: Decrees-law remain subject to constitutional review. The Constitutional Court can assess their compatibility with the Constitution, and, if necessary, invalidate provisions or the entire decree in whole or in part.

Usage and reception: Decrees-law have been used in diverse policy areas, especially for urgent economic, security, or public health measures. Their use is often debated, balancing the need for swift action against the risks of bypassing ordinary legislative debate.

See also: Italian Constitution, legge di conversione, Presidenza della Repubblica, Constitutional Court.