cívkách

Cívky, also known as coils or inductors, are fundamental passive electronic components consisting of a length of wire wound into a series of loops. This winding is typically around a core material, which can be air, iron, ferrite, or other magnetic materials. The primary function of a cívka is to store energy in the form of a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.

The behavior of a cívka is characterized by its inductance, measured in Henries (H). Inductance quantifies the component's opposition to changes in electric current. When the current through a cívka changes, it induces a voltage across the cívka that opposes this change. This property makes cívky essential in many electronic circuits.

Cívky are widely used in filtering applications, where they can block or pass specific frequencies. They are also crucial in resonant circuits, often paired with capacitors, to create circuits that oscillate at particular frequencies. Furthermore, cívky play a vital role in transformers for stepping voltage up or down, and in electric motors and generators due to their ability to interact with magnetic fields. The design and construction of a cívka, including the number of turns, core material, and winding pattern, directly influence its inductance value and performance characteristics.