célmembránba

Célmembránba refers to the "cell membrane" in Hungarian. The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a biological membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of all cells, separating the interior of the cell from the outside environment. It is a selectively permeable barrier, meaning that it controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell.

The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer, with embedded proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol. The phospholipid bilayer forms the basic structure of the membrane, with hydrophilic heads facing outwards and inwards, and hydrophobic tails facing each other in the interior. Proteins are integrated into or associated with the phospholipid bilayer and perform various functions, including transport, signaling, and cell recognition. Carbohydrates are typically attached to proteins or lipids on the outer surface of the membrane and play a role in cell adhesion and communication. Cholesterol contributes to membrane fluidity and stability.

The functions of the cell membrane are diverse and critical for cell survival. It maintains cell shape, protects the cell from mechanical stress, and regulates the passage of ions and molecules, thereby controlling the cell's internal environment. It also plays a role in cell signaling, allowing cells to communicate with each other and respond to external stimuli. Furthermore, the cell membrane is involved in cell adhesion, enabling cells to form tissues and organs, and in endocytosis and exocytosis, processes by which cells take in or release substances.