cromo

Cromo is the Spanish name for the chemical element chromium, with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is a hard, silvery-blue transition metal known for its corrosion resistance and the ability to form a stable oxide layer that gives many surfaces a bright, reflective finish, commonly called chrome.

Chromium occurs mainly in the mineral chromite (FeCr2O4) and is obtained by mining and refining the ore, followed by smelting and metallurgical processing. In industry, chromium is added to steel to improve hardness and corrosion resistance, and it is also used to produce durable decorative and protective coatings via chrome plating.

Chromium compounds exist in several oxidation states. Chromium(III) is an essential trace nutrient in some organisms; hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compounds are toxic and carcinogenic, requiring careful handling and regulatory controls in occupational settings.

Historically, chromium pigments such as chrome yellow and chrome green contributed to paints and dyes, though their use has declined due to safety concerns. Chromium catalysts and colorants remain important in certain chemical and industrial applications.

In Spanish, cromo can also refer to a trading card or sticker in sports and entertainment collections. The term is commonly used for individual cards (cromo), while cromos collectively denote a set of stickers.