crocuses

Crocus is a genus of flowering plants in the iris family Iridaceae. It comprises about 75 species and many cultivars. Crocuses are perennial geophytes that grow from corms with protective tunics. Each plant typically has a pair of slender leaves and bears one to several flowers that sit close to the ground, often in early spring.

The flowers have six petal-like tepals arranged in a cup or funnel shape. Colors range from purple, blue, and lilac to white and yellow. Bloom time varies by species, but many crocuses are among the first to flower in spring; some species also bloom in autumn. They are generally short-lived plants, but individual corms can form clumps that persist and spread in suitable conditions.

Distribution and habitat: Crocuses are native to a broad area that includes Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. They favor well-drained soils and sunny sites. In cultivation, they readily naturalize in meadows, lawns, rock gardens, and borders, especially in climates with a cool winter and a dry summer.

Cultivation and uses: Crocuses are popular ornamental plants grown from corms. They are propagated by corm offsets and benefit from well-drained soil and a dry summer rest. The saffron crocus, Crocus sativus, is the best-known cultivated species for its stigmas, which are harvested to produce saffron. Crocuses also attract pollinators such as bees and are used to provide early-season color in gardens.

Crocus species are valued for their concise, attractive blooms and their ease of cultivation in appropriate climates.