cricetulus

Cricetulus is a genus of small to medium-sized Old World hamsters in the family Cricetidae, subfamily Cricetinae. Native to Eurasia, the genus comprises several species; the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus, is the best known and has been widely used in biomedical research.

These rodents are typically stocky with short tails and dense fur. They inhabit steppe, semi-desert, and grassland habitats, often in agricultural regions. They are primarily terrestrial and burrow-dwellers, creating complex underground systems.

Nutritious omnivores, Cricetulus species feed on seeds, grains, greens and insects. They have expandable cheek pouches for transporting food. They are generally solitary and territorial, with nocturnal or crepuscular activity patterns.

Reproduction is flexible; in favorable climates they can have several litters per year. Gestation is short, typically around 17 to 21 days, with litters of several young. Weaning occurs after about three weeks.

Taxonomy and significance: The genus includes C. griseus (Chinese hamster) and C. barabensis (Barab's hamster) among others. Chinese hamsters have been domesticated as pets and widely used in laboratory research; Chinese hamster ovary cells derived from this species are a standard tool in biotechnology.