copingstrategi

A coping strategy, or copingstrategi in Danish, refers to the cognitive and behavioral efforts people use to manage stress, threats, or adverse experiences. Coping strategies aim to reduce distress and maintain or restore functioning. The concept is central to many psychological theories, notably the transactional model of stress and coping by Lazarus and Folkman, which emphasizes how individuals appraise a situation and mobilize responses accordingly.

Coping strategies are commonly categorized as problem-focused, emotion-focused, and meaning-focused. Problem-focused strategies address the source of stress, such as planning and active problem solving, while emotion-focused strategies regulate emotional responses through methods like cognitive reappraisal, acceptance, or humor. Meaning-focused coping helps sustain motivation by finding purpose or value in the experience.

Effectiveness depends on the fit between the strategy and the stressor, individual differences, culture, and timing. Flexibility in selecting and adapting strategies—coping flexibility—predicts better adjustment. Some strategies can be maladaptive if they avoid problems (avoidance), rely on substances, or lead to harmful behaviors.

Coping strategies can be learned and improved through psychoeducation, therapy, and self-help resources. They are relevant in health, work, school, and relationships. When distress is persistent or overwhelming, professional support from psychologists, counselors, or medical providers is advised.