contrabás

Contrabass refers to the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra. It is also known by various other names, including double bass, upright bass, bass viol, or simply bass. The instrument typically has four strings, tuned in perfect fourths, though some have five strings to extend the lower range. The contrabass is played while standing or seated on a stool, with the player bowing or plucking the strings.

Its construction shares similarities with both the violin family and the viol family, though it is generally considered part of the violin family. The contrabass produces a rich, resonant sound that forms the foundation of the orchestral ensemble and is also a prominent instrument in jazz, blues, bluegrass, and rock music. In jazz, it is often played pizzicato (plucked) rather than arco (bowed).

The contrabass plays a crucial role in providing harmonic support and rhythmic drive. Its deep tones are essential for the overall sonic texture of many musical genres. The instrument's versatility allows it to be used for both melodic lines and simple bass figures. Historical development of the contrabass is complex, with various forms existing before the standardized instrument we know today.