conscientiously

Conscientiously is an adverb used to describe performing an action with diligent care, thoroughness, and attention to ethical or moral standards. When someone acts conscientiously, they aim to fulfill duties carefully and strive to do what is right or proper.

Etymology and form: The adverb derives from the adjective conscientious, which itself comes from Late Latin conscientiousus, from conscience and ultimately from Latin conscientia, meaning knowledge within or moral awareness. In English, the suffix -ly was added to form an adverb describing manner of action.

Usage and nuance: Conscientiously often conveys a sense of principled diligence rather than mere thoroughness. It implies a person's actions are guided by a conscientious scruple about accuracy, fairness, or responsibility, beyond what is merely required. It is commonly used in professional or academic contexts to commend careful, ethical conduct.

Relation to related terms: Conscientiously differs from conscious, which means being aware or awake. Conscience refers to the inner sense of right and wrong, which can motivate conscientious behavior. The noun form conscientiousness denotes a personality trait characterized by reliability and diligence, and conscientious objector is a person who refuses participation in something on moral grounds.

Examples: She completed the audit conscientiously, double-checking figures and sources. Teachers value students who study conscientiously and submit work that reflects careful thought and adherence to rules.

See also: Conscience, Conscientious objector, Conscientiousness. Synonyms include diligently, meticulously, scrupulously; antonyms include negligently, carelessly, hastily.