conger

Conger refers to a group of large eels in the genus Conger, within the family Congridae, order Anguilliformes. The term conger eel is often used for multiple species; prominent examples include the European conger (Conger conger) and the Japanese conger (Conger myriaster). They are distinct from moray eels (family Muraenidae) in anatomy and lifestyle.

Congers have elongated, snake-like bodies, a continuous dorsal fin that extends from the head to the tail, small pectoral fins, and a lack of pelvic fins. They are bottom-dwellers living in coastal waters, rocky reefs, sandy or muddy bottoms, and estuaries; some species can tolerate brackish water and enter rivers. They are generally carnivorous, feeding on fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods.

Reproduction and life cycle: Conger eels, like many eels, have a catadromous life cycle with a leptocephalus larval stage. Adults migrate to the open sea to spawn; the specifics of spawning areas vary among species. The early pelagic larvae drift with currents before settling as juveniles.

Humans and conservation: Congers are targeted by commercial and recreational fisheries; they are eaten in many cuisines, often smoked, dried, or fresh. In some areas they are valued but local populations can be affected by overfishing and habitat loss; conservation status varies by species and region.