competingresponse

Competing response, sometimes written as competing-response, is a behavioral technique used in habit reversal therapy to reduce unwanted repetitive behaviors by teaching a competing motor response that is incompatible with the target habit. The method aims to interrupt the urge-to-habit cycle by substituting a harmless, non-rewarding action that uses different muscle groups.

Implementation typically begins with awareness training to identify triggers, urge intensity, and situations in which the habit is likely. The clinician and client select a competing response that is safe, easy to perform, and physically incompatible with the habitual action. For example, making and maintaining a closed fist or placing hands in the lap can prevent nail-biting or skin-picking. The competing response is practiced in therapy and then applied in daily life whenever the urge arises, often with self-monitoring cues and reinforcement from a therapist or caregiver. The goal is to couple the competing response with urge tolerance until the urge declines.

Competing response is a core component of habit reversal therapy and is used for tic disorders (such as Tourette syndrome), trichotillomania, skin-picking, and sometimes other repetitive behaviors. It is often combined with awareness training, motivation enhancement, and social support.

Evidence supports its effectiveness as part of comprehensive treatment, particularly for tic disorders and trichotillomania, though outcomes vary and strong results rely on therapist guidance, patient commitment, and generalization to real-life settings. Limitations include the need for ongoing practice, potential frustration during early stages, and suitability depending on severity and comorbidity.