communitycapital

Communitycapital is a concept used in community development to describe the total stock of resources and assets that a community controls and can mobilize to pursue shared goals. It frames a locality as an asset-rich system where collective action and local governance leverage existing capacities to improve well-being, resilience, and equity. The term is often associated with asset-based or community-led approaches that emphasize local strengths rather than deficits or external funding alone.

The concept typically encompasses several asset categories. Social capital refers to networks, trust, and norms that enable cooperation. Financial capital includes locally controlled funds, savings groups, credit unions, and community investment mechanisms. Physical capital covers infrastructure, housing, facilities, and other tangible assets. Human capital comprises skills, education, health, and experience of residents. Natural capital includes the environment and ecosystem services, while cultural capital covers shared values, heritage, and norms that support collective action. Some framings also recognize political capital, reflecting influence over local decisions and governance.

Measurement and use often involve asset mapping, participatory appraisal, or capacity assessments to identify what exists, what is emerging, and where gaps lie. This information can guide planning, grantmaking, and policy to strengthen local economies, improve service delivery, and build inclusive resilience. Examples of practice include community-owned enterprises, cooperatives, community land trusts, and local currencies. Challenges include measurement complexities, governance and equity considerations, and ensuring that local control translates into durable outcomes.