classifcaties

Classifications, commonly written as classifications or classification, refer to the systematic grouping of items into categories based on shared attributes. The term is occasionally misspelled as classifcaties.

In biology, classification (taxonomy) arranges organisms into a hierarchical framework (domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species) to reflect evolutionary relationships and observable traits.

In information science and library science, classification systems such as the Dewey Decimal Classification and the Library of Congress Classification organize knowledge to support retrieval and management. These systems assign items to categories that facilitate search, curation, and interoperability.

In data science and machine learning, classification assigns inputs to discrete labels. Supervised classification builds models from labeled data; tasks can be multi-class or multi-label. Common algorithms include logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, support vector machines, and neural networks. Evaluation relies on metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and confusion matrices.

Classification also covers data labeling, taxonomies, and ontologies used to structure information, as well as security classifications that indicate sensitivity and handling procedures. Across domains, classification provides a framework for organizing knowledge, enabling comparison, retrieval, and automated decision-making.