cieplarnia

A cieplarnia is a heated greenhouse or glasshouse used in horticulture to grow plants in a controlled warm environment. It is designed to protect crops from frost, extend the growing season, and allow for precise management of temperature, humidity, and light to accelerate growth or enable flowering and fruiting out of season.

Typically, a cieplarnia consists of a frame made from wood, aluminum, or steel, covered with glass or transparent plastics such as polycarbonate or polyethylene. The covering materials are chosen for light transmission, insulation, and durability. Many facilities include benches, irrigation systems, and areas for propagation or nursery work.

Heating and climate control are key features. Cieplarnies employ heating systems such as gas, oil, or electric boilers, hot water or air heating, and may use supplementary equipment like thermostats, fans, vents, and shading devices to regulate temperature, airflow, and humidity. Efficient ventilation and moisture control help prevent diseases and optimize plant growth.

Common uses include propagation of seedlings, overwintering tender plants, and forcing crops to produce blooms or fruits ahead of the outdoor season. They may be small auxiliary structures on farms or larger commercial installations with climate-control zoning and integrated irrigation or fertigation systems.

In relation to other structures, a cieplarnia is closely related to a greenhouse or glasshouse, though the term emphasizes the aspect of active heating and climate management. Its design and equipment are chosen to balance energy consumption with the desired level of environmental control.