cheniers

Cheniers are a type of coastal dune vegetation found primarily in temperate and subtropical regions, particularly along the Atlantic coast of North America, including areas such as the southeastern United States and parts of Canada. These ecosystems are characterized by their sandy, nutrient-poor soils and are often stabilized by dense growths of woody shrubs and small trees. The term "chenier" originates from the French word *chenier*, meaning "ridge," as these formations typically appear as narrow, elongated ridges of shell hash (accumulated marine debris) and sand.

Cheniers develop where rivers or streams deposit sediment at the mouth of estuaries or bays, creating a barrier that traps wind-blown sand. Over time, this sand accumulates, forming dunes that are gradually colonized by vegetation. The most common plant species in chenier ecosystems include live oak (*Quercus virginiana*), southern magnolia (*Magnolia grandiflora*), and various species of wax myrtle (*Morella cerifera*). These plants help stabilize the dunes and create a microclimate that supports additional flora and fauna.

Chenier plains are ecologically significant, serving as critical habitats for wildlife, including birds, mammals, and reptiles. They also play a role in coastal protection by mitigating erosion and storm surges. However, these ecosystems are vulnerable to threats such as coastal development, sea-level rise, and invasive species, which can disrupt their natural stability and biodiversity. Conservation efforts often focus on preserving these areas through land protection, controlled burning to maintain ecological balance, and restoration projects to restore degraded chenier habitats.