colonized

Colonized is the past participle of the verb colonize. It describes something that has been made into a colony by a colonizing power, or more broadly that has come under the political, economic, or cultural influence of a foreign authority. The term can apply to territories, cities, or peoples that were governed as colonies, as well as to institutions or spaces established by settlers.

Etymology and usage notes: The word derives from Latin colonia, meaning settlement or farm, from colonus, a farmer, with the suffix -ize. The noun colony and related terms share this root, and colonized appears in both historical and modern usage to indicate status or condition resulting from colonization.

Historical usage: In world history, many regions were colonized by European powers from the 15th to the 20th centuries, including the Americas, Africa, parts of Asia, and Oceania. Colonization often involved settlement by colonists, the establishment of administrative systems, and the exploitation of resources, with lasting demographic, linguistic, legal, and political effects. The process led to decolonization movements in the 18th to 20th centuries and ongoing discussions about post-colonial legacy.

Biology and ecology usage: In biology, colonized describes a host or habitat that has become inhabited by microorganisms, plants, or animals, such as gut bacteria colonizing the human intestine. It can also describe ecosystems that become colonized by invasive species.

Overall, the term is context-dependent, signaling a transition or condition resulting from the establishment of a colony, whether in human societies or in biological systems.