catocalis
Catocalis is a genus of moths in the family Noctuidae, commonly known as the **underwing** or **underwing moths**. The name "Catocalis" is derived from the Greek words *kata*, meaning "downward," and *kalos*, meaning "beautiful," referring to the striking underwing patterns that are often brightly colored and contrasting with the upper wings. These moths are widely distributed across various regions, including Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas, with some species adapted to diverse habitats such as forests, grasslands, and deserts.
The adults of the Catocalis genus typically have a wingspan ranging from 30 to 50 millimeters, though
Many Catocalis species are nocturnal, with adults emerging primarily at night to feed on nectar from flowers.
The genus includes several well-known species, such as *Catocalis consanguinea*, commonly called the **lesser broad-bordered yellow