catchlights

Catchlights are reflections of a light source in the eyes of a subject, most often seen in portrait photography and cinema. They appear as bright spots on the cornea or iris and contribute to the perceived liveliness, vitality, and dimensionality of the eyes. The shape and size of a catchlight are determined by the geometry of the light, the distance and angle of the light relative to the subject, and the lens used.

The shape of the catchlight often mirrors the shape of the light modifier, such as a round softbox, a rectangular panel, or a ring light. Distance and softness affect size: softer, larger catchlights come from diffused sources further from the subject, while smaller, crisper catchlights come from more focused or nearer light. The position of the catchlight relative to the pupil indicates lighting direction: higher catchlights suggest lighting from above, while side placement reveals lateral light. Multiple lights can create more than one catchlight, adding complexity and depth.

In practice, catchlights help convey eye brightness and prevent flat-looking eyes. Photographers tend to place them thoughtfully, aiming for a pleasing, natural reflection that sits within the iris without clipping by eyelids. Catchlights can be introduced or enhanced with reflectors or additional lights, and they may be adjusted or retouched in postproduction if necessary. In both photography and cinematography, catchlights are a small but important element that contributes to the perception of life and realism in the eyes.