cancerígenos

Cancerígenos refers to agents, substances, or exposures that can cause cancer. These agents can be biological, chemical, or physical in nature. Biological carcinogens include certain viruses like the human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus, as well as bacteria and parasites. Chemical carcinogens are found in various sources, such as tobacco smoke, asbestos, certain industrial chemicals, and even some natural compounds in food. Physical carcinogens typically involve exposure to ionizing radiation, like X-rays and gamma rays, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.

The process by which carcinogens cause cancer is complex and can involve damage to a cell's DNA. This damage can lead to mutations that disrupt normal cell growth and division, potentially causing cells to divide uncontrollably and form tumors. The risk of developing cancer from exposure to a carcinogen depends on several factors, including the type of carcinogen, the dose, the duration and frequency of exposure, and an individual's genetic susceptibility.

International organizations, such as the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), classify carcinogens based on the strength of scientific evidence linking them to cancer in humans. This classification helps inform public health policies and preventive measures aimed at reducing exposure to known carcinogens. Prevention strategies often involve lifestyle changes, such as avoiding tobacco use, limiting sun exposure, and adhering to safety guidelines in occupational settings.