bügeln

Bügeln refers to the process of smoothing textiles by applying heat, moisture, and pressure with an iron. It is commonly used to remove wrinkles and to set creases for a neat appearance. Modern ironing often relies on steam to relax fibers, though dry irons are also used.

Equipment and varieties: A typical setup includes an electric iron, an ironing board, and sometimes a spray bottle or starch. Irons vary by heat capacity, steam output, and soleplate material (such as stainless steel, aluminum, ceramic, or nonstick). Steam irons have built-in water reservoirs and emit moisture through vents; dry irons operate without steam. There are also cordless irons and steam-generator systems, each with different convenience and performance profiles.

Fabric care and technique: Always consult care labels to select the correct temperature. Delicate fabrics such as silk or synthetics require low settings; cotton and linen tolerate higher heat and steam. A common approach is to sort garments by fabric, lightly dampen as needed, and iron on the reverse side or with a pressing cloth to avoid shine. Start with small areas (collars, cuffs) and progress to larger sections, using smooth, continuous strokes. For delicate items, use cloth protection and avoid direct contact with prints or embellishments.

Safety and maintenance: Unplug the iron when not in use and let it cool before storing. Empty the water reservoir to prevent mineral buildup. Keep the iron upright and place it on a heat-resistant surface. Regularly check for leaks and ensure the ironing board is stable.

Historical context: Irons originated as heated metal blocks used before electric irons. The ironing board emerged in the 19th century, and electric steam irons became widespread in the 20th century, making bügeln a standard household task in many countries.