bunuri

Bunuri are assets or property that have economic value and can be owned, used, transferred, or alienated. In civil law, bunuri encompass objects and rights that a person can possess, enjoy, or dispose of within the limits set by law. They are the substantive basis for economic activity and private ownership.

Bunuri can be classified in several ways. By nature, there are bunuri corporale (tangible, with physical form) and bunuri incorpore (intangible, such as rights or claims). By mobility, bunuri can be mobile (bunuri mobile) or immovable (bunuri imobile), with real estate and land falling under immovable bunuri and things like vehicles or furniture under movable bunuri. Intangible bunuri include rights like patents, trademarks, copyrights, or receivables. Bunuri may also be categorized as consumable or durable, depending on how they are used or consumed.

Ownership of bunuri is a core private-law relationship that grants the owner the right to use, enjoy, and dispose of the bunuri, subject to legal limits and third-party rights. Bunuri can be acquired through various means, such as purchase, donation, inheritance, or by accession (where new objects combine with existing bunuri). Transfer of ownership typically requires agreement and, in many cases, formalities or registration, especially for immovable bunuri.

Legal regimes surrounding bunuri cover rights and obligations, limitations, and protections. Bunuri can be pledged as collateral, leased, or affected by servitudes, mortgages, or other encumbrances. They are essential for accounting, commerce, and personal wealth, and their management reflects the broader functioning of civil and economic life.