bridles

A bridle is a piece of horse tack that transmits signals from a rider to a horse. It is worn on the head and typically comprises a headstall that holds the bit in the horse’s mouth, cheekpieces, and reins that the rider uses to steer and stop. A noseband and a throatlatch are common, with the bit and cheekpieces connected to the reins to convey cues.

Common varieties include the snaffle bridle, which uses a snaffle bit and generally applies even pressure across the mouth; and the curb bridle, which uses a curb bit and leverages the head with a shank to produce greater action. A double bridle combines two bits (a bradoon and a curb) for refined control in some dressage competitions. Pelham bridles use a single bit that functions with both direct and curb action. Noseband types such as cavesson, flash, and drop can accompany bridles, affecting fit and sometimes keeping the mouth closed.

Materials and fit are important for comfort and control. Bridles are commonly made of leather, though synthetic materials are used for durability and lower cost. Proper fit requires the bit to rest on the horse’s bars with minimal movement, and the noseband, browband, and throatlatch to sit securely without pinching or restricting breathing. The reins should align with the bit and be of appropriate length for the rider’s hands. Regular care includes cleaning, conditioning leather, checking for wear, and adjusting fittings as the horse changes shape or equipment is replaced.

Bridles are used in various riding disciplines and driving contexts, primarily in English and certain Western traditions. They are distinct from bitless headgear, which uses alternatives to the bit for communication.