bozuldu

Bozuldu is a Turkish word that functions as the simple past tense form of the verb bozulmak. It conveys that something has become spoiled, damaged, or out of order. The exact meaning depends on the context, as bozulmak covers a range of changes from physical spoilage to functional failure or deterioration.

In grammar, bozuldu is formed from the root boz- (to spoil, ruin) with the middle-voice element -ul- and the past-tense ending -du, matching a third-person singular subject. It is used with inanimate subjects most often, but can also describe situations involving non-human entities such as machines, foods, plans, or conditions. The surrounding words determine whether the sense is of spoilage, malfunction, or deterioration.

Common uses include:

- Spoiled food or drink: Süt bozuldu (The milk spoiled).

- Malfunctioning devices or systems: Bilgisayar bozuldu (The computer broke down); Sistem bozuldu (The system failed).

- Deterioration of plans, agreements, or situations: Plan bozuldu; Anlaşma bozuldu (The agreement was broken).

- Diminished quality or reputation: İtibar bozuldu (The reputation was damaged).

Etymologically, bozuldu derives from bozulmak, which expresses becoming spoiled or deteriorated, with bozul- as the root form combined with appropriate Turkish suffixes for tense and voice. Related terms include bozulmak (to become spoiled) and bozuk (spoiled or defective). See also related concepts of bozukluk (defect) and bozulma (spoiling, deterioration).

---