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birokratis

Birokratis is a term used in several languages to denote bureaucracy or bureaucratic systems and processes. It can function as an adjective (birokratis) describing things related to bureaucratic administration, or as a noun referring to the bureaucracy itself. In languages such as Indonesian and Malay, the form birokratis is commonly used in official and academic contexts to denote state or organizational administration characterized by formal rules and procedures. Near-equivalents exist in other languages that adopt similar roots from the words for office, desk, or administration and the suffixes used to form nouns or adjectives related to governance.

Characteristics of birokratis systems typically include hierarchical structures, formalized rules, written records, standardized procedures, and specialization

Historical context and theory: The concept of bureaucracy, and by extension birokratis, emerged with the modernization

See also: Bureaucracy, Administrative law, Digital government.

of
tasks.
Decision
making
is
often
procedural
and
impersonal,
with
emphasis
on
compliance
and
accountability
through
documentation.
Proponents
argue
that
such
systems
promote
consistency,
predictability,
and
fairness,
while
critics
point
to
rigidity,
inefficiency,
red
tape,
and
resistance
to
innovation.
of
the
state
and
public
administration
in
the
19th
and
20th
centuries.
Max
Weber’s
analysis
of
rational-legal
authority
highlighted
bureaucratic
administration
as
a
hallmark
of
modern
governance,
stressing
efficiency,
calculability,
and
formal
rule-following
as
features
of
state
organization.
In
contemporary
discourse,
the
term
is
used
to
analyze
governance
reforms,
public-sector
capacity,
and
the
balance
between
rule-based
administration
and
adaptability.