birokratis
Birokratis is a term used in several languages to denote bureaucracy or bureaucratic systems and processes. It can function as an adjective (birokratis) describing things related to bureaucratic administration, or as a noun referring to the bureaucracy itself. In languages such as Indonesian and Malay, the form birokratis is commonly used in official and academic contexts to denote state or organizational administration characterized by formal rules and procedures. Near-equivalents exist in other languages that adopt similar roots from the words for office, desk, or administration and the suffixes used to form nouns or adjectives related to governance.
Characteristics of birokratis systems typically include hierarchical structures, formalized rules, written records, standardized procedures, and specialization
Historical context and theory: The concept of bureaucracy, and by extension birokratis, emerged with the modernization
See also: Bureaucracy, Administrative law, Digital government.