birdseed

Birdseed is a general term for seeds and seed blends sold for feeding wild birds. It is used in backyard feeders, aviaries, and some wildlife stations to provide energy, fats, and protein, especially during the breeding season or winter when natural food is scarce. Seed mixes are designed to attract different bird species by varying seed size, texture, and flavor.

Common seed types include black oil sunflower seeds, striped sunflower seeds, nyjer (thistle) seeds, safflower seeds, white proso millet, cracked corn, and peanut kernels. Many blends combine several of these to broaden appeal; some are targeted for specific groups, such as finches or sparrows, or designed to reduce waste. Regional preferences influence blends.

Bird seed provides calories mainly from fats and carbohydrates, with protein contributing to growth and feathering. Small songbirds prefer tiny, high-fat seeds like nyjer or millet, while larger birds eat safflower or larger sunflower seeds. For efficiency and bird health, choose mixes that match the target species and avoid excessive fillers.

Storage should be cool, dry, and in airtight containers to prevent moisture, mold, and insect infestation. Moldy or rancid seeds can be harmful to birds and should be discarded. Store away from heat sources; check seed for signs of spoilage, pests, or unusual odors. Clean feeders regularly and sweep up spilled seed to deter rodents and insects.

Environmental and pest considerations: spilled seed can attract insects, rodents, and opportunistic weeds if seeds germinate; use appropriate feeder designs, place feeders away from structures, clear seed spills, and keep feeding areas tidy.