biopszichoszociális

Biopsychosocial refers to an interdisciplinary model of health and illness that posits that biological, psychological, and social factors are all equally important in influencing health outcomes. This perspective contrasts with purely biomedical models that tend to focus primarily on biological causes of disease.

The biological component encompasses genetic predispositions, physiological processes, and the impact of pathogens or injuries. It considers how the physical body functions and malfunctions. The psychological aspect addresses an individual's thoughts, emotions, behaviors, coping mechanisms, and mental health. This includes how stress, personality, and beliefs can affect well-being. The social dimension considers the influence of family, friends, community, socioeconomic status, culture, and environmental factors on health. It recognizes that social support networks and societal conditions play a significant role in shaping health experiences.

The biopsychosocial model suggests that understanding and treating illness requires considering the interplay of all these elements. For example, a person's chronic pain might be influenced by a physical injury (biological), their perception of that pain and their ability to cope (psychological), and the support they receive from their family and workplace (social). This integrated approach aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of health and disease, leading to more effective and holistic prevention and treatment strategies. It is widely applied in fields such as medicine, psychology, nursing, and social work.