biofilia

Biophilia is a concept that describes the innate human tendency to connect with nature and other living systems. The term was popularized by biologist E.O. Wilson in his 1984 book, "Biophilia." Wilson proposed that this affinity for nature is not just a learned behavior but an evolutionary adaptation, suggesting that humans have a deep-seated need to affiliate with other forms of life.

The biophilia hypothesis posits that throughout human evolution, living in close connection with nature provided essential benefits for survival, such as access to food, water, and shelter. This prolonged dependence on the natural world, the theory suggests, has hardwired a preference for natural environments into our genetic makeup. Consequently, exposure to nature can have positive psychological and physiological effects.

Evidence supporting biophilia can be observed in various aspects of human behavior and culture. This includes the widespread appeal of gardening, pets, houseplants, and natural landscapes. Furthermore, studies in environmental psychology and ecotherapy suggest that spending time in natural settings can reduce stress, improve mood, enhance cognitive function, and promote overall well-being. The concept also influences design fields, leading to the development of biophilic design in architecture and urban planning, which aims to incorporate natural elements into built environments to foster a connection with nature.