betaadrenolityki

Beta-adrenolytics, also known as beta-blockers, are a class of medications that block the effects of the hormone epinephrine and norepinephrine on the body's beta receptors. These receptors are found in various tissues, including the heart, blood vessels, and lungs. By blocking these receptors, beta-blockers reduce the heart's workload, slow its rate, and lower blood pressure.

They are commonly prescribed for a range of cardiovascular conditions. These include hypertension (high blood pressure), angina (chest pain), arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats), and heart failure. Beta-blockers can also be used to manage symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as rapid heart rate and tremors. In some cases, they are prescribed after a heart attack to improve survival rates and prevent future cardiac events.

The mechanism of action involves inhibiting the binding of adrenaline and noradrenaline to beta-adrenergic receptors. This leads to a decrease in heart rate and contractility, reducing the heart's oxygen demand. In blood vessels, beta-blockade can cause vasodilation, further contributing to lower blood pressure.

Common side effects of beta-blockers can include fatigue, dizziness, cold extremities, and bradycardia (slow heart rate). Some individuals may experience gastrointestinal disturbances or sleep disturbances. It is important for patients to consult with their healthcare provider regarding potential side effects and contraindications. Beta-blockers are generally not recommended for individuals with certain respiratory conditions, such as asthma, due to the potential for bronchoconstriction. They should be used cautiously and under medical supervision.