barasingha

Barasingha, also known as the swamp deer, is a large deer species native to the Indian subcontinent. Its scientific name is Rucervus duvaucelii. The name barasingha derives from its characteristic antlers, which in many males have a high number of tines, earning the animal’s name in local languages.

Distribution and habitat: Barasingha historically occurred across plains and wetlands in northern and central India and into parts of Nepal. Today, populations are fragmented and largely confined to protected areas in the region, where they inhabit freshwater marshes, floodplains, and tall-grass or reed-dominated wetlands. The species relies on perennial water sources and the grasslands surrounding them.

Description and ecology: Adults are medium- to large-sized deer with a short, dense coat that may appear paler in dry seasons. Males grow impressive, multi-tined antlers each year, while females are hornless. Barasingha are social, forming herds that can vary in size with the season. They are primarily grazers and feed on grasses and aquatic plants, with seasonal variations in diet. Breeding details are adapted to the local climate, with fawning occurring after periods of abundant forage.

Conservation status: Barasingha is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Habitat loss, wetland drainage, fragmentation of populations, and human encroachment have reduced their range and numbers. Conservation efforts focus on protecting wetland habitats, maintaining connectivity between populations, and implementing management practices in protected areas across India and Nepal.