assumés

Assumés is the masculine plural form of the past participle assumer in French. It functions as an adjective or as part of a compound verb form and typically denotes that something has been taken on, accepted, or undertaken. In practice, it is used to describe responsibilities, roles, or statements that have been consciously adopted.

In everyday and academic usage, assumés often appears with nouns to indicate what has been presumed, accepted, or embraced for a given purpose. Examples include les responsabilités assumées par une organisation, les hypothèses assumées dans un modèle, or un geste assumé that conveys decisiveness or self-confidence. The term is common in business reports, scientific models, legal contexts, and rhetorical analysis when the speaker wants to underline deliberate acceptance rather than mere conjecture.

Nuance and distinctions matter. Assumés differs from supposés or présumés, which convey a belief or conjecture rather than a deliberate acceptance. Assumés implies intentional adoption or acknowledgment within a framework, whereas supposés often signals an assumption that is provisional or unverified. In descriptive usage, a phrase such as air assumé can describe a self-assured or deliberately displayed attitude, though this sense can carry a stylistic nuance.

Etymology traces assumés to the verb assumer, from Latin assumere, meaning to take to oneself or to undertake. The feminine plural form is assumées, used with feminine nouns. This term is primarily a descriptive, not a technical, label and is typically found in French-language writing.