arseniuro

Arsenide, or arseniuro in some languages, refers to chemical compounds that contain arsenic in a less electronegative form, typically as the arsenide ion As3−, or as arsenic bonded in pnictide structures with metals or other elements. The term covers a broad family of binary arsenides as well as more complex pnictides in which arsenic combines with electropositive elements or transition metals.

Most binary arsenides are intermetallic compounds formed between arsenic and metals. In many of these, arsenic behaves as a relatively hard anion within a metallic lattice, and the bonding can range from ionic to covalent with metallic character. Notable examples include gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium arsenide (InAs), and aluminum arsenide (AlAs), which are widely studied for their semiconductor properties. Transition-metal arsenides such as iron arsenide (FeAs), manganese arsenide (MnAs), and nickel arsenide (NiAs) exhibit varied electronic and magnetic behaviors and are of interest in condensed matter physics.

Properties of arseniuro compounds vary considerably with composition. Semiconductor arsenides like GaAs and InAs have high electron mobilities and direct or near-direct bandgaps, making them essential in light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, and high-frequency electronics. Other arsenides may be metallic or magnetic, reflecting diverse bonding and crystal structures.

Applications and safety: Due to arsenic's toxicity, handling and disposal of arsenides require appropriate precautions. In electronics, arsenides are valued for their optoelectronic performance and compatibility with silicon-based technologies, while magnetic arsenides are studied for fundamental materials science.